NAME

     pscoupe - Plot cross-sections of focal mechanisms.


SYNOPSIS

     pscoupe files -Jparameters -Rwest/east/south/north
      -Aparameters
     [ -Btickinfo ]  [ -Ffill ] [ -Gfill ] [ -H ] [ -K ] [  -Lpen
     ]  [-M]  [  -N  ]  [  -O  ]  [  -P ] [-S<symbol><scale>[/d]]
     [s<symbol><size>[/d]] [ -Tn ] [ -U[label] ] [ -V ] [ -Wpen ]
     [   -Xx-shift   ]  [  -Yy-shift  ]  [  -Z<cpt>  ]  [-a<size>
     [P_symbol>[T_symbol]] [-gfill] [-efill] [-ppen] [-tpen] [ -:
     ] [ -#copies ]


DESCRIPTION

     pscoupe reads data values from files [or standard input] and
     generates  PostScript  code that will plot symbols, lines or
     polygons on  a  cross-section.   Focal  mechanisms   may  be
     specified  and  require  additional  columns  of  data.  The
     PostScript code is written to standard output.

     files list one or more file-names. If no  files  are  given,
     pscoupe will read standard input.

     A new file is created with the new coordinates  (x,  y)  and
     the  mechamism  (from lower focal half-sphere for horizontal
     plane, to half-sphere behind a vertical  plane).   When  the
     plane  is  not horizontal, - north direction becomes upwards
     steepest descent direction of the plane (u) - east direction
     becomes  strike  direction of the plane (s) - down direction
     (= north^east) becomes u^s
     Axis angles are defined in the same  way  as  in  horizontal
     plane in the new system.
     Moment tensor (initially in r,  t,  f  system  that  is  up,
     south,  east)  is  defined in (-u^s, -u, s) system.  A  file
     is created with extracted events.

     -J Selects  the  map  projection.   Scale  is  user_unit/km,
     1:xxxxx. or width in user_unit (upper case modifier).

     NON-GEOGRAPHICAL  PROJECTIONS:   -Jxx-scale[/fI/y-scale]  x-
     scale  must  be  positive and y-scale negative to plot depth
     downwards.

     -Rwest/east/south/north. South and north are <= 0.; If frame
     is  defined  from  cross-section  parameters  (see  -A) this
     option is not taken into account, but must be present.

     -A selects the cross-section.
     -Aalon1/lat1/lon2/lat2/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
     lon and lat are the longitude and latitude of points 1 and 2
     limiting the length ot the cross-section.
     dip is the dip of the plane on which  the  cross-section  is
     made.
     p_width is the width of the cross-section on each side of  a
     vertical plane or above and under an oblic plane.
     dmin and dmax are the distances min and max from  horizontal
     plane, along steepest descent direction.
     Add f to get the frame from the cross-section parameters.
     -Ablon1/lat1/strike/p_length/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
     lon1 and lat1 are the longitude and latitude of  the  begin-
     ning of the cross-section.
     strike is the azimut of the direction of the cross-section.
     p_length is the length  along  which  the  cross-section  is
     made.
     The other parameters are the same as for -Aa option.
     -Acx1/y1/x2/y2/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
     The same as -Aa option with x and y cartesian coordinates.
     -Adx1/y1/strike/p_length/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
     The same as -Ab option with x and y cartesian coordinates.

     -S selects the meaning of the columns in the data  file  and
     the figure to be plotted.
     -Sascale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Focal mechanisms in Aki and
     Richard convention.
     scale adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball",
     which  will  be proportional to the magnitude.  Scale is the
     size for magnitude = 5. in MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m,  or
     p  is  appended  to indicate that the size information is in
     units of cm, inch, meter, or point, respectively).  Use  the
     -T  option  to  render the beach ball transparent by drawing
     only the nodal planes and the circumference.  The  color  or
     shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the
     -G option.  The color or shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns:

     1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-:

     3: depth of event in kilometers

     4,5,6: strike, dip and rake

     7: magnitude

     8,9: not used; can be 0

     10: text string to appear above


     -Scscale. Focal mechanisms in Harvard CMT convention.
     scale adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball",
     which  will  be  proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the
     size for magnitude = 5 (that is M0  =  4E+23  dynes-cm.)  in
     MEASURE_UNIT  (unless  c, i, m, or p is appended to indicate
     that the size information is in units of cm, inch, meter, or
     point, respectively).  Use the -T option to render the beach
     ball transparent by drawing only the nodal  planes  and  the
     circumference.  The  color  or shade of the compressive qua-
     drants can be specified with the -G option.   The  color  or
     shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns:

     1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-:

     3: depth of event in kilometers

     4,5,6: strike, dip, and slip of

     7,8,9: strike, dip, and slip of

     10,11: mantissa and exponent of moment

     12,13: not used; can be 0

     14: text string to appear above


     -Spscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Focal mechanisms given with
     partial  data  on both planes.  scale adjusts the scaling of
     the radius of the "beach ball", which will  be  proportional
     to  the  magnitude.  Scale is the size for magnitude = 5. in
     MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or p is appended  to  indicate
     that the size information is in units of cm, inch, meter, or
     point, respectively).  The color or shade of the compressive
     quadrants can be specified with the -G option.  The color or
     shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns:

     1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-:

     3: depth

     4,5: strike, dip of plane 1

     6: strike of plane 2

     7: must be -1/+1 for a

     8: magnitude

     9,10: not used; can be 0
     11: text string to appear above


     -Smscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]].  Seismic   moment   tensor.
     scale ad justs the scaling of the radius of the "beachball",
     which will be proportional to the magnitude.  Scale  is  the
     size  for  magnitude  =  5  (that is seismic scalar moment =
     4E+23 dynes-cm.) in MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m,  or  p  is
     appended  to  indicate that the size information is in units
     of cm, inch, meter, or point,  respectively).   (-T0  option
     overlays    best    double   couple   transparently.)    Put
     -Sdscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot the only double cou-
     ple       part       of       moment       tensor.       Put
     -Szscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot anisotropic part  of
     moment  tensor  (zero  trace).   The  color  or shade of the
     compressive quadrants can be specified with the  -G  option.
     The color or shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns

     1,2  longitude, latitude of event  (-:  option  interchanges
          order)

     3    depth of event in kilometers

     4,5,6,7,8,9
          mrr, mtt, mff, mrt, mrf, mtf in 10*exponent dynes-cm

     10   exponent

     11,12
          Not used; can be 0 0; it is to use the same file as for
          psmeca.

     13   Text string to appear above the beach ball (default) or
          under (add u).


     -Sxscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]].   principal   axis.   scale
     adjusts  the scaling of the radius of the "beachball", which
     will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for
     magnitude  =  5  (that  is  seismic scalar moment = 4*10e+23
     dynes-cm.)  in  MEASURE_UNIT  (unless  c,  i,  m,  or  p  is
     appended  to  indicate that the size information is in units
     of cm, inch, meter, or point,  respectively).   (-T0  option
     overlays    best    double   couple   transparently.)    Put
     -Syscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot the only double cou-
     ple       part       of       moment       tensor.       Put
     -Stscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot anisotropic part  of
     moment  tensor  (zero  trace).   The  color  or shade of the
     compressive quadrants can be specified with the  -G  option.
     The color or shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns

     1,2  longitude, latitude of event  (-:  option  interchanges
          order)

     3    depth of event in kilometers

     4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
          value (in 10*exponent dynes-cm), azimuth, plunge of  T,
          N, P axis.

     13   exponent

     14,15
          latitude,longitude  at  which  to  place  beach   ball.
          Entries  in  these  columns  are  necessary with the -C
          option.  Using 0,0 in columns 9 and 10  will  plot  the
          beach  ball at the latitude, longitude given in columns
          1 and 2.  The -: option will interchange the  order  of
          columns (1,2) and (9,10).

     16   Text string to appear above the beach ball (optional).

          -ssymbol[size[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]   selects   symbol
          instead of mechanism.
           Choose between the following :  (c) circle,  (d)  dia-
          mond,  (i)  itriangle,  (s)  square,  (t) triangle, (x)
          cross.  Parameters are expected to be in the  following
          columns

     1,2  longitude, latitude of event  (-:  option  interchanges
          order)

     3    depth of event in kilometers

     4    Text string to appear above the beach ball (default) or
          under (add u).
          If size must be read, size must be in column 4 and Text
          string starts in column 5.
          scaleR is the symbol size in MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i,
          m,  or p is appended to indicate that the size informa-
          tion is in units of cm, inch, meter, or point,  respec-
          tively).

          OPTIONS
          No space between the option  flag  and  the  associated
          arguments.

          -B sets map boundary tickmark intervals. See  psbasemap
          for details.

          -Efill Selects filling of extensive quadrants.  Usually
          white.   Set the shade (0255) or color (r/g/b) [Default
          is 255/255/255].

          -G selects filling of focal mechanisms. By  convention,
          the  compressional quadrants are shaded.  Set the shade
          (0-255) or color (r/g/b) [Default is  0/0/0].   Option-
          ally, specify -Gpicon_size/pattern, where pattern gives
          the number of the image pattern (1-32) OR the name of a
          icon-format  file.   icon_size  sets  the  unit size in
          inches.  To invert black  and  white  pixels,  use  -GP
          instead  of  -Gp.   See  pspatterns  for information on
          individual patterns.

          -H Input file(s) has  n  Header  record(s).  Number  of
          header  records  can be changed by editing your .gmtde-
          faults file.  If used, GMT-SYSTEM default is  1  header
          record.

          -K Means more PostScript code will be  appended  later.
          [Default terminates the plot system]

          -L Draws the "beach ball"  outline  using  current  pen
          (see -W) or sets pen attributes..

          -M
           Same size for any magnitude.

          -N Does NOT skip symbols that fall outside  map  border
          [Default plots points inside border only].

          -O Selects Overlay plot mode.  [Default  initializes  a
          new plot system]

          -P  Selects  Portrait  plotting   mode.   [Default   is
          Landscape]

          -T[num_of_plane] Plots the nodal planes and outline the
          bubble which is transparent.
                default num_of_plane is 0 : both nodal planes are
          plotted;
                num_of_plane equal      1 : the only first  nodal
          plane is plotted;
                num_of_plane equal      2 : the only second nodal
          plane is plotted;

          -U Draws Unix System time stamp on plot.  Append  c  to
          plot the command line or a text string of your choice.

          -V reports the name of the current file  being  plotted
          (Verbose mode).

          -W set pen attributes for text string  or  default  pen
          attribute for fault plane edges.
           [Defaults: width = 1, color = 0/0/0, texture = solid].

          -X  -Y  shifts  origin  of  plot  by  (x-shift,y-shift)
          user_unit   [Default  is (1,1) inch or (2.5,2.5) cm for
          new plots, (0,0) for overlays].

          -Zcptfile Give a color palette file and let compressive
          part  color  be  determined by the z-value in the third
          column.

          -a[axis_symbol_size[P_axis_symbol[T_axis_symbol]]]
          Computes and plots P and T axis.  - axis_symbol_size in
          user unit [default is 0.2 cm or 0.08 inches].
          - default P and T axis symbols is 'c'
          Choose between the following :  (c)  circle,  (d)  dia-
          mond,  (h) hexagon, (i) inverse triangle, (p)point, (s)
          square, (t) triangle, (x) cross.

          -efill Selects filling of T axis symbol.  Set the shade
          (0255)  or color (r/g/b) [Default is color of extensive
          parts.

          -gfill Selects filling of P axis symbol.  Set the shade
          (0255)  or  color (r/g/b) [Default is color of compres-
          sive parts.

          -p[pen] Draws the P axis outline using current pen (see
          -W), or sets pen attributes.
          sp.  -t[pen] Draws the T axis outline using current pen
          (see -W), or sets pen attributes.

          -:    toggles    between    (longitude,latitude)    and
          (latitude,longitude)    input/output.     [Default   is
          (longitude,latitude)]

          -c specifies the number of plot copies. [Default is 1]

          SEE ALSO
          gmtsystem, psbasemap, psxy, psmeca

          REFERENCES
          Wessel P. and W.H.F. Smith, 1992, The GMT-SYSTEM.
          Bomford, G., Geodesy, 4th ed., Oxford University Press,
          1980.
          Aki, K. and P. Richards, Quantitative Seismolgy,  Free-
          man, 1980.
          F. A. Dahlen and Jeoren Trom,  Theoretical  Seismology,
          Princeton, 1998, p.167.  Definition of scalar moment.
          Cliff Frohlich, Cliff'Nodes Concerning  Plotting  Nodal
          Lines for P, Sh and Sv
          Seismological Reasearch Letters, Volume 67,  Number  1,
          January-February, 1996
          Thorne Lay, Terry C. Wallace, Modern Global Seismology,
          Academic Press, 1995, p.384.
          W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flan-
          nery,  Numerical  Recipes  in  C,  Cambridge University
          press (routine jacobi)

          AUTHOR
          Genevieve Patau
          CNRS UMR 7580
          Seismology Dept.
          Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
          (patau@ipgp.jussieu.fr)