NAME

     psmeca - Plot focal mechanisms on maps


SYNOPSIS

     psmeca files -Jparameters  -Rwest/east/south/north  [-Btick-
     info]  [-Cpen]  [-Ddepmin/depmax]  [-Efill] [-Gfill] [-H[n]]
     [-K] [-Lpen] [-M]  [-N]  [-O]  [-P]  [-S<symbol><scale>[/d]]
     [-Tnum_of_plane[<pen>]] [-U[label]] [-V] [-Wpen] [-Xx-shift]
     [-Yy-shift] [-Zcptfile] [-z] [-a<size> [P_symbol>[T_symbol]]
     [-gfill] [-efill] [-ppen] [-tpen] [-:] [-ccopies]


DESCRIPTION

     psmeca reads data values from files [or standard input]  and
     generates PostScript code that will plot focal mechanisms on
     a map.   Most  options  are  the  same  as  for  psxy.   The
     PostScript code is written to standard output.



ARGUMENTS

     files List one or more file-names. If no  files  are  given,
     psvelomeca will read standard input.

     -J Selects the map projection. Scale is cm/degree,  1:xxxxx.
     or width in cm (upper case modifier).

     See psbasemap manpages for details.

     -R west, east,  south,  and  north  specify  the  Region  of
     interest.    To  specify  your  boundaries  in  degrees  and
     minutes, use the dd:mm format.

     -SSelects the meaning of the columns in the data file

     In order to use the same file to plot cross-sections,  depth
     is in third column.  Nevetheless, it is possible to use "old
     style" psvelomeca input files without depth in third  column
     using -o option.

     -Sascale[c/i][/fontsize[/offset[u]]].  Focal  mechanisms  in
     Aki  and  Richard  convention.  scale adjusts the scaling of
     the radius of the "beach ball", which will  be  proportional
     to  the  magnitude.  Scale is the size for magnitude = 5. in
     inch (unless c, i, m, or p is appended).  Use the -T  option
     to  render  the  beach  ball transparent by drawing only the
     nodal planes and the circumference.  The color or  shade  of
     the  compressive  quadrants  can  be  specified  with the -G
     option.  The color or shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns:

     1,2  longitude, latitude of event  (-:  option  interchanges
          order)

     3    depth of event in kilometers

     4,5,6
          strike, dip and rake in degrees

     7    magnitude

     8,9  longitude, latitude  at  which  to  place  beach  ball.
          Entries  in  these  columns  are  necessary with the -C
          option.  Using 0,0 in columns 8 and  9  will  plot  the
          beach  ball at the latitude, longitude given in columns
          1 and 2.  The -: option will interchange the  order  of
          columns (1,2) and (8,9).

     10   Text string to appear above the beach ball (optional).


     -Scscale[c/i][/fontsize[/offset[u]]].  Focal  mechanisms  in
     Harvard  CMT  convention.   scale adjusts the scaling of the
     radius of the "beach ball", which will  be  proportional  to
     the  magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 (that is
     M0 = 4.0E23 dynes-cm) in inch (unless  c,  i,  m,  or  p  is
     appended).  Use the -T option to render the beach ball tran-
     sparent by drawing only the nodal planes and the  circumfer-
     ence. The color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be
     specified with the -G option.  The color or shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns:

     1,2  longitude, latitude of event  (-:  option  interchanges
          order)

     3    depth of event in kilometers

     4,5,6
          strike, dip, and rake of plane 1

     7,8,9
          strike, dip, and rake of plane 2

     10,11
          mantissa and exponent of moment in dyne-cm

     12,13
          longitude,longitude  at  which  to  place  beach  ball.
          Entries  in  these  columns  are  necessary with the -C
          option.  Using (0,0) in columns 11 and 12 will plot the
          beach  ball at the latitude, longitude given in columns
          1 and 2.  The -: option will interchange the  order  of
          columns (1,2) and (12,13).

     14   Text string to appear above the beach ball (optional).

     -Smscale[c/i][/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Seismic moment  tensor
     (Harvard CMT, with zero trace). scale adjusts the scaling of
     the radius of the "beachball", which will be proportional to
     the  magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 (that is
     scalar seismic moment = 4.0E23 dynes-cm) in inch (unless  c,
     i,  m,  or p is appended).  (-T0 option overlays best double
     couple transparently.)  Put  -Sdscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
     to  plot  the only double couple part of moment tensor.  Put
     -Szscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot anisotropic part  of
     moment  tensor  (zero  trace).   The  color  or shade of the
     compressive quadrants can be specified with the  -G  option.
     The color or shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns

     1,2  longitude, latitude of event  (-:  option  interchanges
          order)

     3    depth of event in kilometers

     4,5,6,7,8,9
          mrr, mtt, mff, mrt, mrf, mtf in 10*exponent dynes-cm

     10   exponent

     11,12
          latitude,longitude  at  which  to  place  beach   ball.
          Entries  in  these  columns  are  necessary with the -C
          option.  Using 0,0 in columns 9 and 10  will  plot  the
          beach  ball at the latitude, longitude given in columns
          1 and 2.  The -: option will interchange the  order  of
          columns (1,2) and (9,10).

     13   Text string to appear above the beach ball (optional).


     -Spscale[c/i][/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Focal mechanisms given
     with partial data on both palnes.  scale adjusts the scaling
     of the radius of the "beach ball",  which  will  be  propor-
     tional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5
     in inch (unless c, i, m, or p is appended).   The  color  or
     shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the
     -G option.  The color or shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns

     1,2  longitude, latitude of event  (-:  option  interchanges
          order)

     3    depth of event in kilometers

     4,5  strike, dip of plane 1

     6    strike of plane 2

     7    must be -1/+1 for a normal/inverse fault

     8    magnitude

     9,10 latitude,longitude  at  which  to  place  beach   ball.
          Entries  in  these  columns  are  necessary with the -C
          option.  Using 0,0 in columns 9 and 10  will  plot  the
          beach  ball at the latitude, longitude given in columns
          1 and 2.  The -: option will interchange the  order  of
          columns (1,2) and (9,10).

     11   Text string to appear above the beach ball (optional).


     -Sxscale[c/i][/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. principal axis.  scale
     adjusts
      the scaling of the radius of the "beachball", which will be
     proportional  to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magni-
     tude = 5 (that is seismic scalar moment = 4*10e+23 dynes-cm)
     in  inch  (unless  c,  i, m, or p is appended).  (-T0 option
     overlays   best   double   couple    transparently.)     Put
     -Syscale[c/i][/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot the only double
     couple      part      of      moment      tensor.        Put
     -Stscale[c/i][/fontsize[/offset[u]]]   to  plot  zero  trace
     moment tensor.  The color or shade of the  compressive  qua-
     drants  can  be  specified with the -G option.  The color or
     shade
      of the extensive quadrants can be  specified  with  the  -E
     option.   Parameters  are  expected  to  be in the following
     columns

     1,2  longitude, latitude of event  (-:  option  interchanges
          order)

     3    depth of event in kilometers

     4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
          value (in 10*exponent dynes-cm), azimuth, plunge of  T,
          N, P axis.

     13   exponent

     14,15
          latitude,longitude  at  which  to  place  beach   ball.
          Entries  in  these  columns  are  necessary with the -C
          option.  Using 0,0 in columns 9 and 10  will  plot  the
          beach  ball at the latitude, longitude given in columns
          1 and 2.  The -: option will interchange the  order  of
          columns (1,2) and (9,10).

     16   Text string to appear above the beach ball (optional).


     -R west, east,  south,  and  north  specify  the  region  of
     interest.    To  specify  your  boundaries  in  degrees  and
     minutes, use the dd:mm format by appending 'm'.


OPTIONS

     No space between the option flag and  the  associated  argu-
     ments.

     -B Sets map boundary tickmark intervals. See  psbasemap  for
     details.

     -C[pen][Ppointsize] Offsets focal mechanisms to the latitude
     and longitude specified in the last two columns of the input
     file. Default is default pen.
     A small circle is  plotted  at  the  initial  location.  Add
     P<pointsize value> to change the size of the circle.0);

     -D depmin/depmax Plots events between depmin and depmax.

     -Efill  Selects  filling  of  extensive  quadrants.  Usually
     white.   Set  the  shade (0255) or color (r/g/b) [Default is
     255/255/255].

     -Gfill Selects filling of focal mechanisms.  By  convention,
     the  compressional  quadrants  of  the focal mechanism beach
     balls are shaded.  Set the shade (0-255)  or  color  (r/g/b)
     [Default is 0/0/0].

     -H[n] Input file(s) has n Header record(s). Number of header
     records can be changed by editing your .gmtdefaults file. If
     used, GMT-SYSTEM default is 1 header record.

     -K Means  more  PostScript  code  will  be  appended  later.
     [Default terminates the plot system]

     -L[pen] Draws the "beach ball" outline with pen  attributes.
     Default is black.  pen attributes.

     -N Does NOT skip symbols that fall  outside  frame  boundary
     specified by -R [Default plots symbols inside frame only].

     -O Selects Overlay plot mode.  [Default  initializes  a  new
     plot system]

     -P Selects Portrait plotting mode. [Default is Landscape]

     -T[num_of_plane] Plots the nodal planes and outline the bub-
     ble which is transparent.
           num_of_plane equal  0 : both nodal planes are plotted;
           num_of_plane equal  1 : the only first nodal plane  is
     plotted;
           num_of_plane equal  2 : the only second nodal plane is
     plotted;

     -U Draws Unix System time stamp on plot.  Append c  to  plot
     the command line or a text string of your choice.

     -V Verbose.  Reports the name  of  the  current  file  being
     plotted, as well as number of records.

     -W Set default pen attributes.
      [Defaults: width = 1, color = 0/0/0, texture = solid].

     -X -Y Shift  origin  of  plot  by  (x-shift,y-shift)  inches
     [Default is (1,1) for new plots, (0,0) for overlays].

     -Zcptfile Give a color palette file and let compressive part
     color be determined by the z-value in the third column.

     -z Overlay zero trace moment tensor.

     -a[axis_symbol_size[c/i][/P_axis_symbol[T_axis_symbol]]]
     Computes and plots P and T axis.  - axis_symbol_size in inch
     [default  is  0.2 cm or 0.08 inches].  inch (unless c, i, m,
     or p is appended)
     - default P and T axis symbols is 'c'
     Choose between the following :  (c) circle, (d) diamond, (h)
     hexagon,  (i)  inverse  triangle,  (p)point, (s) square, (t)
     triangle, (x) cross.

     -efill Selects filling of T  axis  symbol.   Set  the  shade
     (0255) or color (r/g/b). Default is white.

     -gfill Selects filling of P  axis  symbol.   Set  the  shade
     (0255) or color (r/g/b). Default black.

     -p[pen] Draws the P axis outline using default pen (see -W),
     or sets pen attributes.
     sp.  -t[pen] Draws the T axis outline using default pen (see
     -W), or sets pen attributes.
     sp.    -:    Toggles   between   (longitude,latitude)    and
     (latitude,longitude)      input/output.      [Default     is
     (longitude,latitude)]

     -c Specifies the number of plot copies. [Default is 1]


EXAMPLES

     The following file should give a normal-faulting CMT mechan-
     ism:
     psmeca << END -R239/240/34/35.2 -Jm4 \
     -Sc0.4 -H1 >! test.ps
     lon     lat    depth str dip slip  st dip slip mant exp plon
     plat
     239.384 34.556  12.  180  18  -88   0  72  -90  5.5   0    0
     0
     END



SEE ALSO

     gmtsystem, psbasemap, psxy.


REFERENCES

     Bomford, G., Geodesy,  4th  ed.,  Oxford  University  Press,
     1980.
     Aki, K. and P. Richards,  Quantitative  Seismolgy,  Freeman,
     1980.
     F.  A.  Dahlen  and  Jeoren  Trom,  Theoretical  Seismology,
     Princeton, 1998, p.167.
     Cliff Frohlich, Cliff'Nodes Concerning Plotting Nodal  Lines
     for P, Sh and Sv
     Seismological  Reasearch  Letters,  Volume  67,  Number   1,
     January-February, 1996
     Thorne Lay, Terry  C.  Wallace,  Modern  Global  Seismology,
     Academic Press, 1995, p.384.
     W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P.  Flannery,
     Numerical Recipes in
      C, Cambridge University press (routine jacobi)


AUTHORS

     Genevieve Patau
     CNRS UMR 7580
     Seismology Dept.
     Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
     (patau@.ipgp.jussieu.fr)