NAME
pscoupe - Plot cross-sections of focal mechanisms.
SYNOPSIS
pscoupe files -Jparameters -Rwest/east/south/north
-Aparameters
[ -Btickinfo ] [ -Ffill ] [ -Gfill ] [ -H ] [ -K ] [ -Lpen
] [-M] [ -N ] [ -O ] [ -P ] [-S<symbol><scale>[/d]]
[s<symbol><size>[/d]] [ -Tn ] [ -U[label] ] [ -V ] [ -Wpen ]
[ -Xx-shift ] [ -Yy-shift ] [ -Z<cpt> ] [-a<size>
[P_symbol>[T_symbol]] [-gfill] [-efill] [-ppen] [-tpen] [ -:
] [ -#copies ]
DESCRIPTION
pscoupe reads data values from files [or standard input] and
generates PostScript code that will plot symbols, lines or
polygons on a cross-section. Focal mechanisms may be
specified and require additional columns of data. The
PostScript code is written to standard output.
files list one or more file-names. If no files are given,
pscoupe will read standard input.
A new file is created with the new coordinates (x, y) and
the mechamism (from lower focal half-sphere for horizontal
plane, to half-sphere behind a vertical plane). When the
plane is not horizontal, - north direction becomes upwards
steepest descent direction of the plane (u) - east direction
becomes strike direction of the plane (s) - down direction
(= north^east) becomes u^s
Axis angles are defined in the same way as in horizontal
plane in the new system.
Moment tensor (initially in r, t, f system that is up,
south, east) is defined in (-u^s, -u, s) system. A file
is created with extracted events.
-J Selects the map projection. Scale is user_unit/km,
1:xxxxx. or width in user_unit (upper case modifier).
NON-GEOGRAPHICAL PROJECTIONS: -Jxx-scale[/fI/y-scale] x-
scale must be positive and y-scale negative to plot depth
downwards.
-Rwest/east/south/north. South and north are <= 0.; If frame
is defined from cross-section parameters (see -A) this
option is not taken into account, but must be present.
-A selects the cross-section.
-Aalon1/lat1/lon2/lat2/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
lon and lat are the longitude and latitude of points 1 and 2
limiting the length ot the cross-section.
dip is the dip of the plane on which the cross-section is
made.
p_width is the width of the cross-section on each side of a
vertical plane or above and under an oblic plane.
dmin and dmax are the distances min and max from horizontal
plane, along steepest descent direction.
Add f to get the frame from the cross-section parameters.
-Ablon1/lat1/strike/p_length/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
lon1 and lat1 are the longitude and latitude of the begin-
ning of the cross-section.
strike is the azimut of the direction of the cross-section.
p_length is the length along which the cross-section is
made.
The other parameters are the same as for -Aa option.
-Acx1/y1/x2/y2/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
The same as -Aa option with x and y cartesian coordinates.
-Adx1/y1/strike/p_length/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
The same as -Ab option with x and y cartesian coordinates.
-S selects the meaning of the columns in the data file and
the figure to be plotted.
-Sascale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Focal mechanisms in Aki and
Richard convention.
scale adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball",
which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the
size for magnitude = 5. in MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or
p is appended to indicate that the size information is in
units of cm, inch, meter, or point, respectively). Use the
-T option to render the beach ball transparent by drawing
only the nodal planes and the circumference. The color or
shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the
-G option. The color or shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E
option. Parameters are expected to be in the following
columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-:
3: depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6: strike, dip and rake
7: magnitude
8,9: not used; can be 0
10: text string to appear above
-Scscale. Focal mechanisms in Harvard CMT convention.
scale adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball",
which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the
size for magnitude = 5 (that is M0 = 4E+23 dynes-cm.) in
MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or p is appended to indicate
that the size information is in units of cm, inch, meter, or
point, respectively). Use the -T option to render the beach
ball transparent by drawing only the nodal planes and the
circumference. The color or shade of the compressive qua-
drants can be specified with the -G option. The color or
shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E
option. Parameters are expected to be in the following
columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-:
3: depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6: strike, dip, and slip of
7,8,9: strike, dip, and slip of
10,11: mantissa and exponent of moment
12,13: not used; can be 0
14: text string to appear above
-Spscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Focal mechanisms given with
partial data on both planes. scale adjusts the scaling of
the radius of the "beach ball", which will be proportional
to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5. in
MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or p is appended to indicate
that the size information is in units of cm, inch, meter, or
point, respectively). The color or shade of the compressive
quadrants can be specified with the -G option. The color or
shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E
option. Parameters are expected to be in the following
columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-:
3: depth
4,5: strike, dip of plane 1
6: strike of plane 2
7: must be -1/+1 for a
8: magnitude
9,10: not used; can be 0
11: text string to appear above
-Smscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Seismic moment tensor.
scale ad justs the scaling of the radius of the "beachball",
which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the
size for magnitude = 5 (that is seismic scalar moment =
4E+23 dynes-cm.) in MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or p is
appended to indicate that the size information is in units
of cm, inch, meter, or point, respectively). (-T0 option
overlays best double couple transparently.) Put
-Sdscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot the only double cou-
ple part of moment tensor. Put
-Szscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot anisotropic part of
moment tensor (zero trace). The color or shade of the
compressive quadrants can be specified with the -G option.
The color or shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E
option. Parameters are expected to be in the following
columns
1,2 longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges
order)
3 depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6,7,8,9
mrr, mtt, mff, mrt, mrf, mtf in 10*exponent dynes-cm
10 exponent
11,12
Not used; can be 0 0; it is to use the same file as for
psmeca.
13 Text string to appear above the beach ball (default) or
under (add u).
-Sxscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. principal axis. scale
adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beachball", which
will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for
magnitude = 5 (that is seismic scalar moment = 4*10e+23
dynes-cm.) in MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or p is
appended to indicate that the size information is in units
of cm, inch, meter, or point, respectively). (-T0 option
overlays best double couple transparently.) Put
-Syscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot the only double cou-
ple part of moment tensor. Put
-Stscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot anisotropic part of
moment tensor (zero trace). The color or shade of the
compressive quadrants can be specified with the -G option.
The color or shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E
option. Parameters are expected to be in the following
columns
1,2 longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges
order)
3 depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
value (in 10*exponent dynes-cm), azimuth, plunge of T,
N, P axis.
13 exponent
14,15
latitude,longitude at which to place beach ball.
Entries in these columns are necessary with the -C
option. Using 0,0 in columns 9 and 10 will plot the
beach ball at the latitude, longitude given in columns
1 and 2. The -: option will interchange the order of
columns (1,2) and (9,10).
16 Text string to appear above the beach ball (optional).
-ssymbol[size[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] selects symbol
instead of mechanism.
Choose between the following : (c) circle, (d) dia-
mond, (i) itriangle, (s) square, (t) triangle, (x)
cross. Parameters are expected to be in the following
columns
1,2 longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges
order)
3 depth of event in kilometers
4 Text string to appear above the beach ball (default) or
under (add u).
If size must be read, size must be in column 4 and Text
string starts in column 5.
scaleR is the symbol size in MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i,
m, or p is appended to indicate that the size informa-
tion is in units of cm, inch, meter, or point, respec-
tively).
OPTIONS
No space between the option flag and the associated
arguments.
-B sets map boundary tickmark intervals. See psbasemap
for details.
-Efill Selects filling of extensive quadrants. Usually
white. Set the shade (0255) or color (r/g/b) [Default
is 255/255/255].
-G selects filling of focal mechanisms. By convention,
the compressional quadrants are shaded. Set the shade
(0-255) or color (r/g/b) [Default is 0/0/0]. Option-
ally, specify -Gpicon_size/pattern, where pattern gives
the number of the image pattern (1-32) OR the name of a
icon-format file. icon_size sets the unit size in
inches. To invert black and white pixels, use -GP
instead of -Gp. See pspatterns for information on
individual patterns.
-H Input file(s) has n Header record(s). Number of
header records can be changed by editing your .gmtde-
faults file. If used, GMT-SYSTEM default is 1 header
record.
-K Means more PostScript code will be appended later.
[Default terminates the plot system]
-L Draws the "beach ball" outline using current pen
(see -W) or sets pen attributes..
-M
Same size for any magnitude.
-N Does NOT skip symbols that fall outside map border
[Default plots points inside border only].
-O Selects Overlay plot mode. [Default initializes a
new plot system]
-P Selects Portrait plotting mode. [Default is
Landscape]
-T[num_of_plane] Plots the nodal planes and outline the
bubble which is transparent.
default num_of_plane is 0 : both nodal planes are
plotted;
num_of_plane equal 1 : the only first nodal
plane is plotted;
num_of_plane equal 2 : the only second nodal
plane is plotted;
-U Draws Unix System time stamp on plot. Append c to
plot the command line or a text string of your choice.
-V reports the name of the current file being plotted
(Verbose mode).
-W set pen attributes for text string or default pen
attribute for fault plane edges.
[Defaults: width = 1, color = 0/0/0, texture = solid].
-X -Y shifts origin of plot by (x-shift,y-shift)
user_unit [Default is (1,1) inch or (2.5,2.5) cm for
new plots, (0,0) for overlays].
-Zcptfile Give a color palette file and let compressive
part color be determined by the z-value in the third
column.
-a[axis_symbol_size[P_axis_symbol[T_axis_symbol]]]
Computes and plots P and T axis. - axis_symbol_size in
user unit [default is 0.2 cm or 0.08 inches].
- default P and T axis symbols is 'c'
Choose between the following : (c) circle, (d) dia-
mond, (h) hexagon, (i) inverse triangle, (p)point, (s)
square, (t) triangle, (x) cross.
-efill Selects filling of T axis symbol. Set the shade
(0255) or color (r/g/b) [Default is color of extensive
parts.
-gfill Selects filling of P axis symbol. Set the shade
(0255) or color (r/g/b) [Default is color of compres-
sive parts.
-p[pen] Draws the P axis outline using current pen (see
-W), or sets pen attributes.
sp. -t[pen] Draws the T axis outline using current pen
(see -W), or sets pen attributes.
-: toggles between (longitude,latitude) and
(latitude,longitude) input/output. [Default is
(longitude,latitude)]
-c specifies the number of plot copies. [Default is 1]
SEE ALSO
gmtsystem, psbasemap, psxy, psmeca
REFERENCES
Wessel P. and W.H.F. Smith, 1992, The GMT-SYSTEM.
Bomford, G., Geodesy, 4th ed., Oxford University Press,
1980.
Aki, K. and P. Richards, Quantitative Seismolgy, Free-
man, 1980.
F. A. Dahlen and Jeoren Trom, Theoretical Seismology,
Princeton, 1998, p.167. Definition of scalar moment.
Cliff Frohlich, Cliff'Nodes Concerning Plotting Nodal
Lines for P, Sh and Sv
Seismological Reasearch Letters, Volume 67, Number 1,
January-February, 1996
Thorne Lay, Terry C. Wallace, Modern Global Seismology,
Academic Press, 1995, p.384.
W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flan-
nery, Numerical Recipes in C, Cambridge University
press (routine jacobi)
AUTHOR
Genevieve Patau
CNRS UMR 7580
Seismology Dept.
Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
(patau@ipgp.jussieu.fr)